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Innovation Through Serendipity, Error, and Exaptation

  CS875 Unit 4-2 Discussion F or centuries, humans have been making discovering and developing ideas that have helped to improve the quality of life and to make it more easier for mankind. Some of these innovations and discoveries are not even planned as humans are limited in their cognitive ability and it is very hard for a person to wake up and instantly make a discovery. As such, some of the discoveries happens through errors that lead to innovative ideas or solutions to real-life problems. Therefore, this post will discuss some of the ways through which humans make discoveries and generate ideas for solving complex problems. Specifically, the paper will discuss the process of serendipity, error, and exaptation. A ccording to De Rond (2014) , serendipity can be defined as a ‘ happy accident’ or chance that occurs and results to a beneficial solution. Primarily, the chance occurs on its own without the intervention or knowledge of the inventor. In this regard, a chance ca...

Scenario Planning and Innovation

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How does scenario-type planning support planning and innovation for change?   A business can use traditional forecasting methods to predict about the future. These methods, however, are not effective because predicting what the future may unfold is not very certain. Besides, traditional forecasting does not help to prepare for catastrophic events that may occur in the future. This is because forecasting may be limited or biased to under-predicting or over-predicting. Kodak is a typical example of a company that failed to do proper scenario planning. Despite its continued success in the 20 th century, the invention of the digital cameras in 1975 significantly led to the downfall of the Kodak company because it failed to tap and adapt with the new technology (Teneja, 2021) . As such, it is important to use other approaches such as the scenario planning method to help identify and prepare for possible alternatives and uncertain future events. I n contrast to traditional forecasting...

Forecasting and Prediction in an Innovation Context

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  CS875 Unit 3-2 Forecasting and Prediction in an Innovation Context F or centuries, human beings have been forecasting and predicting about what the future may unfold or about products that might exist in the future. Some of the predictions have come into reality, some have failed while others might unfold in the near future. There exists quite a number of physicists, engineers, researchers, and futurists who made noble predictions that have significantly contributed to the evolution and development of some of the products, tools, and technologies being used in the 21st century. Nikola Tesla is among the most renowned and popular inventors whom some of his predictions have turned to reality. According to McSweeney(2019) , Nikola Tesla was a Serbian-American electrical engineer who was born in 1856. Besides inventing the alternating current, Tesla made powerful predictions that have been the foundation of the innovative technologies that are in use in the 21st ce...

Comparison Between Traditional Forecasting and Scenario Planning

  CS875 Unit 3-1 Comparison Between Traditional Forecasting and Scenario Planning H umans beings are always limited in predicting about the future. In fact, according to  Schoemaker (2004) , “Years of behavioral research on judgment and decision making have unearthed a variety of cognitive limitations when people are confronted with uncertainty” (p.275). Primarily, this can be attributed to the fact that future predictions are based on utopian visions and overconfidence that leads humans into making biased conclusions. That, however, does not mean humans should not predict or plan for the future. As such, business and tech leaders have been relying on different tools and techniques to improve the future planning and prediction process. The main approaches that this discussion will address include traditional forecasting and scenario planning techniques. A ccording to Hernandez (2018) , traditional forecasting uses mathematical formulas and quantitative ...

Think Tank Methods

  CS875 Unit 2-3 Think Tank Methods P rimarily, the process of innovation includes creating a novel idea, concept, or solution to real-life problems or challenges facing the world or a business. The think tank process is among the relevant approaches that can be used to foster innovation. Typically, a think tank consists of experts from different fields who are incubated to research, debate issues, generate or propose ideas, and develop feasible solutions to a wide range of problems. Some of the problems and challenges addressed by think tanks include topics that are related to technology, politics, economic, social and the cultural aspect of life. While the number of think tank experts can vary, a typical think tank can include 5 to 12 individuals  (Monet, 2017) . The individuals can be incubated under one roof or with a wall-less roof and connected with a communication network that they can use to collaborate remotely (Aly, 2019) . T here exists a num...

Delphi and Brainstorming Group Decision-making Methods

CS875 Unit 2-2 Delphi and Brainstorming Group Decision-making Methods S ometimes, leaders have to consider the opinions and the decisions of other team members to be able to make effective and informed decisions. There exists different group decision-making techniques that leaders can take to facilitate the process. In this regard, group decision-making techniques refers to different ways that can be used to get decisions and views from individuals in a group. Most importantly, considering the opinions and the perspectives of each group members before arriving to the final decision enhances the decision-making process and helps to promote sharing of ideas. There exists different group decision-making techniques that leaders can use. Primarily, this discussion will mainly focus on brainstorming and the Delphi techniques. A ccording to Landeta (2006) , the Delphi technique “... was conceived as a group technique whose aim was to obtain the most reliable consensus of opinion of a g...